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Pectin on food as thickener, gelling agent, stabilizer, suspending agent, emulsifier, flavor synergist, Pectin can be used for cosmetics, to protect the skin against UV radiation, cure wounds, Pectin for beauty have kept a certain role. Pectin on food for jam, jelly, popsicle, ice cream, yogurt, lactic acid, fruit juice. Pectin used in bread baking on the increase in volume and reduce the amount of flour to use, Pectin can extend shelf life.
Pectin E440 is widely used as food additive and ingredients,Pectin E440 is a kind of Thickeners used as food additive, food ingredient.

http://www.chinafooding.com/Pectin

The basic principle used to extract pectin is to decompose the original pectin (in the form of protopectin, pectinic acids, and pectinates) into water-soluble pectin and then separate it from the cellulose, starch, protein, colors, and other components.

Acid extraction
Acidic, enzymatic, and microbiological manufacturing processes are used to extract pectin. The acid extraction method is the commonly used method.

Mineral acids (such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid) or organic acids (e.g. citric acid) are employed to hydrolyze the original pectin into water-soluble pectin, and then obtain crude pectin by ethanol precipitation or metal salt precipitation.

Ethanol precipitation
Ethanol precipitation is occupied as pectin is insoluble in isopropyl alcohol, ethanol and other organic solvents. And follows drying, milling and standardization (usually with sugar).

Enzymatic processing
Enzymes such as esterases, polygalacturonases, and pectin lyases are often used to facilitate the hydrolysis of pectin to different degrees of esterification or polymerization.

http://www.chinafooding.com/Pectin

These are some of the ways propylene glycol is used:
• As a solvent in pharmaceuticals including oral, inject-able, and topical formulas.
• As a moisturizer in medicines, cosmetics, food, toothpaste, shampoo, conditioner, pet care products, mouth wash, hair dye, and tobacco products.
• As an ingredient in massage oils, fragrance oils, hand sanitizers, antibacterial lotions, and saline solutions.
• To make artificial smoke or fog theatrical productions and firefighter training.
• As a vaporizable base for diluting the nicotine liquid in electronic cigarettes.
• As a solvent for food colors and food flavorings.
• As a wetting agent to determine time needed for paints and coatings to dry.
• As a lubricant in air conditioning compressors.

http://www.chinafooding.com/Propylene_Glycol

It depends on the specific uses. In some food, the alternatives can be sorbitol and glycerol, as both can be used as humectants.



Is it vegan?

Yes, propylene glycol made from the above three manufacturing processes are all vegan as without using animal-derived products, so it is suitable to the diet of vegetarians.



Is it gluten free?

Yes, propylene glycol is gluten free as without wheat, rye, barley, or crossbreeds of these grains.



Conclusion

Now you may have a knowledge of the humectant & solvent carrier – Propylene Glycol (E1520), from the following aspects:



Three manufacturing processes.

Uses in food, animal pets, cosmetics and antifreeze & coolant.

Safety

FAQs 

What kinds of food labels have you found this ingredient in? Or if you have any questions or remarks about this additive, feel free to let me know in the comments.



http://www.chinafooding.com/Propylene_Glycol

Phosphates are often used in foods and in water treatment. The pH of such formulations is generally adjusted by mixtures of various sodium phosphates, such as this salt. The sodium chloride equivalent value, or E-Value, is 0.49. It is soluble in 4.5 parts water.
It is added in animal feed, toothpaste, and evaporated milk. It is used as a thickening agent and emulsifier.
http://www.chinafooding.com/Monosodium_Phosphate